CONTROL OVER POPULATION

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The population is often considered as a

source of economic, military, and political

strength. However, a high population

(overpopulation) can also be considered a

threat to the environment and resources.

However, population growth is a factor

that can be managed. Human population

planning is a means of intentionally

controlling the human population growth

rate. The practice may involve increasing

or reducing the rate of human population

growth. Below are some of the population

control methods that are sometimes

used.

Effective Population

Control Methods

Child Tax

Higher taxation for parents with more

children is one of the methods that can be

used to control the population. This

method of population control ensures that

taxpayers are entitled to an exemption for

a specified number of children (mostly

first two) but no other.

Contraception

Contraception is the most popular

population control method in the world. It

is a method used to prevent pregnancy.

There are several methods of

contraception or birth control. Some of the

methods are irreversible while others are

temporary.

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Infant Mortality Decrease

High infant mortality is one of the reasons most parents, especially in developing countries, have many children. Such parents want to ensure that at least some of their children survive to adulthood. It is hypothesized that if child mortality is reduced, fertility reduction will eventually follow, with the net effect being lower population growth. The rate of infant mortality can be reduced by pregnant mothers frequently visiting clinics, access to quality food, and access to healthcare service before, during, and after birth

One-Child Policies

The one-child policy is a population control method that encourages parents to have only one child. The policy was introduced in China in 1976 after the two child policy and involved setting a limit on the number of children one could have. Although it was abolished in 2015, the Chinese government claimed that about 400 million births were prevented However, the success rate of the policy remains a topic of contention as more than half of the population was allowed to have two children if the first was a girl

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Family Planning

Family planning services are methods and means which enables an individual to freely determine the number and spacing of their children. Under this population control method, parents may consider the number of children they wish to have of not have a child at all, as well as the age at which they wish to have children.