ETHICS AND VALUES

Introduction:

Why study this course titled 'Ethics and Values'

To educate a man in mind and not in morals is to educate a menace to society.

(Theodore Roosevelt)

Education is only complete when it leads to all round development of the individual, which encompasses not only mental but also moral development. Moral education, which imbibes ethics and values in students, influences the social thinking of the individual and makes him/ her distinguish between what is right and what is wrong. Moral education is a basic need for modern times where one is fast witnessing a degeneration of moral values. Moral education is important as it teaches diversity, tolerance, mutual respect and pluralistic values.

Moral values are values that express ideas about the good life. As such, concern for the moral virtues, such as honesty, responsibility, and respect for others, is the domain of moral education.

Science young people readily and unconsciously assimilate all types of influences, good or bad, it is important that society provides them with type of education that will make them acquire sound ethical and moral principles, and also develop appropriate attitudes and values that will help them to make good choices and decisions in their adulthood.

Moral education, then, refers to helping students acquire those virtues or moral habits that will help them individually live good lives and at the same time become productive, contributing members of their communities.

The system must be designed as such that the individual at a formative stage should distinguish to differentiate between what is good and what is bad.

There is need to encourage the youth to understand why people do

one thing and not another. They should be able to make choices in order to

become ethically mature adults. They should be assisted to learn how to

take a position and consider facts relevant about a moral issue.

The socio-culture changes like transition from joint family to

nuclear family system, dysfunctional families, excessive competition,

parental expectations, commercialization of education, increased crime

and violence, effect of media and information over-load, misuse of

information technology, globalization, consumerism etc. are putting

immense pressure on individuals, families and societies leading to

distortion and degeneration of values.

Moral values direct us to the right path to lead our lives. Imparting

these from the early days helps one to distinguish between right and

wrong. These values involve factors like loving others, helping others,

respecting others, morality, honesty etc.

The benefits of 'Ethics and Values' Education are:

It helps one to distinguish between right and wrong.

It gets reflects in one's personality; aiming at holistic development

of a person.

It makes the youth aware of eroding values and helps in wiping out

bad influences in the society like violence, crimes, agitations,

child abuse, disregarding women etc.

It helps in building self- confidence, motivation and a positive

approach to things; also helps in ensuring harmony and peace with

self.

It helps in finding out the true purpose of life and motivates one to

be dedicated, unselfish, loving and caring for others.

It leads to an education that connects heart, head and hand; thus

improves the quality of education.

It leads to an understanding of interdependence between family,

society, nation and the world; helps in developing a pro-active

social conscience amongst the youth and thus creates a balance

between the youth and their community.SEMESTER-I

Unit-1

Title: - Issues Relating to Women

Total no. of Periods-15

Full mark-25

Credit point -1

1.0 Aims of the Unit:

• The module aims to generate a sensitivity among the students

towards women.

Enable them to value the contributions of women, from family

to the larger society.

• To generate among them a distinct urge to respect women

• To appreciate that women should have equal status and equal

entitlements as member of the society.

Learning Objectives:

After going through the contents of the module and the classroom

transactions on the contents, the students are expected to

Have changes in their perceptions and practices towards

women.

• Develop proper attitude towards women and value their work

and contribution.

• Come forward to challenge the unethical treatments against

women.

• End gender based hierarchy and hegemony, remove the

feeling that women are counter to men and bring about a

complementarity among the hitherto existing gender binary.

CONTROL OVER POPULATION

←

The population is often considered as a

source of economic, military, and political

strength. However, a high population

(overpopulation) can also be considered a

threat to the environment and resources.

However, population growth is a factor

that can be managed. Human population

planning is a means of intentionally

controlling the human population growth

rate. The practice may involve increasing

or reducing the rate of human population

growth. Below are some of the population

control methods that are sometimes

used.

Effective Population

Control Methods

Child Tax

Higher taxation for parents with more

children is one of the methods that can be

used to control the population. This

method of population control ensures that

taxpayers are entitled to an exemption for

a specified number of children (mostly

first two) but no other.

Contraception

Contraception is the most popular

population control method in the world. It

is a method used to prevent pregnancy.

There are several methods of

contraception or birth control. Some of the

methods are irreversible while others are

temporary.

Whose name is in your heart?

Test Now

Infant Mortality Decrease

High infant mortality is one of the reasons most parents, especially in developing countries, have many children. Such parents want to ensure that at least some of their children survive to adulthood. It is hypothesized that if child mortality is reduced, fertility reduction will eventually follow, with the net effect being lower population growth. The rate of infant mortality can be reduced by pregnant mothers frequently visiting clinics, access to quality food, and access to healthcare service before, during, and after birth

One-Child Policies

The one-child policy is a population control method that encourages parents to have only one child. The policy was introduced in China in 1976 after the two child policy and involved setting a limit on the number of children one could have. Although it was abolished in 2015, the Chinese government claimed that about 400 million births were prevented However, the success rate of the policy remains a topic of contention as more than half of the population was allowed to have two children if the first was a girl

Whose name is in your heart?

Test Now

Family Planning

Family planning services are methods and means which enables an individual to freely determine the number and spacing of their children. Under this population control method, parents may consider the number of children they wish to have of not have a child at all, as well as the age at which they wish to have children.